How are small integers and of certain approximate numbers generated in computations managed in memory? The mass of an average asteroid can vary widely, but we can use the mass of the largest known metallic asteroid, 16 Psyche, as an estimate. Fictional depictions often describe a solid shell of matter enclosing a star an arrangement considered by Dyson himself to be implausible. If such a megastructure could be constructed, it would significantly diminish the life of the star from our perspective, but would be lit up like Christmas lights in infrared. Taking the natural logarithm of both sides, we get: n x ln(1 + 0.025) = ln(($6.117 x 10^33) / ($85 trillion)), n = ln(($6.117 x 10^33) / ($85 trillion)) / ln(1 + 0.025). This would be a vast shell of energy collectors placed around a star to harvest its entire light output. Also see Shapiro, and this Baez article: Einstein talked about the speed of light changing in his new theory. Europa: Europa is another moon of Jupiter and is thought to have a subsurface ocean beneath its icy surface. This would include satellite communication systems, GPS, and other navigation tools. Dyson Sphere Program > General Discussions > Topic Details Legion One Feb 26, 2021 @ 11:10pm 3 Black Holes If you go through a black hole there should be On the other hand, pairs of particles, one particle and one antiparticle, separate due to the strong gravitational field whereby one gets inside the event horizon, and the other is emitted as radiation. Nickel Nickel is a durable and heat-resistant metal that could be used for constructing parts of the Dyson sphere that will be exposed to high temperatures, such as the inner layers of the sphere. Design the Dyson sphere to be modular, allowing for individual components to be assembled in space and gradually added to the structure over time. What would the sky look like to a being inside the event horizon of a black hole? In 2015, astronomer Tabetha Boyajian spotted a mysteriously dim star, its light flickering irregularly in a way that scientists had never observed before. Heres how it works. How can I detect when a signal becomes noisy? The estimated cost for the Scarab project is around $1 million. That part requires thinking beyond just the Dyson sphere and expanding to a Dyson swarm or bubble. The accretion disk is pretty hot. If a structure were to be built around the black holes event horizon, it would constantly be disturbed by falling matter, and it would have to be built to survive temperatures up to 2,700 degrees Celsius. However, we can make some rough estimates based on current material prices and assumptions. A: Unfortunately, I cannot provide an accurate cost estimate for such a large amount of material, as the prices of these materials can vary greatly depending on many factors such as supply and demand, location, purity, and form. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Some of the metals that would be required include: These metals are just a few examples of the many different types of metals that would be required for building a Dyson sphere. A: Reducing the thickness of the Dyson sphere from 2 meters to 1 meter and placing it at 1 AU from the sun would result in a significant decrease in the required amount of material. That's because the "coordinate" speed of light at the ceiling is circa 4 m/s greater then the coordinate speed of light at the floor. Can a black hole be turned into a white hole? Communication and navigation equipment: To coordinate the mining operation and ensure the safety of the mining robots and personnel, communication and navigation equipment would be needed. The dyson sphere would have to be constructed in such a way that its mass was uniform in all directions done the planck length. SteelFabs Metal Bins are storage containers used for storing and transporting bulk materials. And this current version 5.0 has been designed and deployed by Dumky de Wilde in collaboration with S. Abbas Raza. Mining robots: Psyche is believed to be made almost entirely of metal, so specialized mining robots would be needed to extract the metal from the asteroids surface and interior. Even if we assume that all of this material is usable for constructing the Dyson sphere and that it has the desired composition of 50% silicon, 30% carbon, and 20% metals, it still wouldnt be enough to construct a Dyson sphere with a radius of 1 AU and a thickness of 1 meter. {notificationOpen=false}, 2000);" x-data="{notificationOpen: false, notificationTimeout: undefined, notificationText: ''}">. Assuming a Dyson sphere with a radius of 2 AU, the total mass of the Dyson sphere would be much greater, and the amount of materials required would also be larger. Black holes feed on surrounding material from stars or other objects in its vicinity, and some of that material then shoots out in the form of two powerful jets. Life support equipment: A life support system is essential for providing astronauts with breathable air, removing carbon dioxide and other contaminants, and regulating temperature and humidity. Note: This is ONLY to be used to report spam, advertising, and problematic (harassment, fighting, or rude) posts. But Wright suggests it might be exceedingly difficult. Cimarrons Transloaders are mobile conveyor systems used for loading and unloading bulk materials. The main use of building a Dyson swarm around a black hole would be to capture the energy released by its accretion disk. Because of the difference in the coordinate speed of light up here as opposed to down there. MathJax reference. A relativistic Kessler cascade is going to be a horrible problem. Building a dyson shell around a black hole comes with a plethora of additional and probably intractable problems which need to be solved before even beginning to consider what constitutes a minimum safe distance. Copy a link to the article entitled http://Could%20aliens%20suck%20the%20energy%20from%20black%20holes%20with%20Dyson%20Spheres? [16][17], Although Dyson sphere systems are theoretically possible, building a stable megastructure around the sun is currently far beyond humanity's engineering capacity. WebA black hole with the same mass has a diameter of under three. Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of Fooled by Randomness and The Black Swan. Which Exoplanets Are Likeliest to Host Alien Life? A global coalition of scientists are in pursuit of the answer, analyzing six different types of energy that we could hypothetically harness from a black hole. Therefore, it is likely that mining all known asteroids and the metal-rich moons of Jupiter and Saturn, as well as completely disassembling Jupiter and Mercury, would provide enough material to construct a Dyson sphere that is 1 m thick, 1 AU from the sun, and has a composition of 50% silicon, 30% carbon, and 20% metals. This makes sense as a way to predict movement, create stability, and easily adjust or work on any individual unit in the Dyson swarm. anyway the smallest stellar black hole would be at least above 3 solar masses so either depends on your mass a stable orbit without artificial acceleration is given by Force(net) equal to (Mass(1 swarm) multiply by velocity square) divided by distance. Or at least, harder to tell that it was a Dyson Sphere.. Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI), the world's billionaires venture outside of our planet, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Extraterrestrials could use Dyson spheres to harvest. Sign up for a small monthly payment and enjoy ads-free browsing at 3QD, Make a one-time donation and enjoy ads-free browsing at 3QD. Additionally, there may be other sources of materials that could be used for building the Dyson sphere beyond just asteroids. However, even if we were able to completely disassemble these planets and use all of their material, its still unlikely that we would have enough material to construct a Dyson sphere of the size and composition you specified. One example is the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) used by NASA for spacewalks. rev2023.4.17.43393. It has a drilling depth of up to 45 feet and a hole diameter of up to 12.25 inches. The estimated cost for a new LM90 is around $500,000. Since Dyson's paper, many variant designs involving building an artificial structure or series of structures to encompass a star have been proposed in exploratory engineering or described in science fiction, often under the name "Dyson sphere". What is the difference between these 2 index setups? While matter and energy that fall through the event horizon are lost, stuff that stays farther out can still radiate energy and escape. The reason is fairly simple. Assemble the raw materials into larger components of the Dyson sphere, such as individual panels or segments. Note that it hits the floor at say 4 m/s. Iron Iron is one of the most abundant elements in the solar system and can be found in many different sources, including the rocky planets (such as Earth, Mars, and Mercury), asteroids, and the sun. WebBlack Holes could actually theoretically be used to harvest energy in a lot of ways, the chief one being using its gravitational force to accelerate light beamed into its vicinity and then But, the galaxy is an immense place with an estimated 400 billion stars in it. Hsiao and his collaborators from the Institute of Astronomy in Taiwan, brings us to the very edge of possibility itself. A Dyson swarm is a collection of individual, smaller "harvesters" of some kindthat could be solar panels used extremely close up, for examplethat are loosely circulated. Thermodynamically possible to hide a Dyson sphere? Platinum: Platinum is a valuable metal that is highly resistant to corrosion and oxidation, making it useful in a variety of industrial and scientific applications, including the construction of the Dyson spheres electrical components. Here are some of the major sources for the metals mentioned in my previous answer: These sources are not exhaustive and there may be other sources for these metals that are not listed here. Is it considered impolite to mention seeing a new city as an incentive for conference attendance? Also note that gravity is not a force in the Newtonian sense. Using that radiation and the radiation of the accretion disc, there is a lot of potential energy swarming around a black hole. The estimated cost for a new Kaldo furnace is around $10 million. The idea was later dismissed in favor of debris around the star, but it sparked a search for these megastructures. Withdrawing a paper after acceptance modulo revisions? From this you can calculate that, at 2.75 K, the emitted power of a black body is about 3.2 $\mu$W /$m^2$. We would need significantly more material, potentially from other sources such as mining other planets or moons in the solar system, or developing new methods for obtaining and processing materials. Q: At current world GDP growth rates, how long would it take for world GDP to reach $6.117 x 10^33? This can be done through remote sensing techniques, such as spectroscopy, which can provide information on the asteroids mineral composition. Medical equipment: Medical equipment for space missions needs to be lightweight, compact, and able to operate in microgravity. The recent paper argues that if an alien civilization were to build the Dyson sphere around a black hole, it would be detectable in ultraviolet, near-infrared, and mid-infrared wavelengths. Recheck that answer. A Dyson sphere is a hypothetical megastructure that encompasses a star and captures a large percentage of its solar power output. Q: Ok, now add up all these costs and give me an approximate number. Some of the questions I asked chatGPT included: I verified at least some (but not all) of the numbers it gave me from other sources and was finally able to arrive at the following conclusion: Building a 1 meter thick Dyson sphere at 1 AU from the sun would take approximately 10^25 kilograms of material. The original site was designed by S. Abbas Raza in 2004 but soon completely redesigned by Mikko Hyppnen and deployed by Henrik Rydberg. The estimated cost of a fuel cell system ranges from $500 to $1,000 per kilowatt, depending on the size and configuration. A Dyson shell is (unfortunately) impossible to build. Q: Ok, now lets see a few examples of relevant power generation equipment and their approximate costs. John (He/Him) is the Components Editor here at TechRadar and he is also a programmer, gamer, activist, and Brooklyn College alum currently living in Brooklyn, NY. Think about the energy required to carry more and more people into space as the world's billionaires venture outside of our planet, plus the energy demands for NASA's own ambitions to install people on the moon. This obviously involves some pretty extreme astronomical engineering. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. These days, astronomers talk instead about Dyson Swarms dense arrays of orbiting energy collectors. The researchers conclude by showing what SETI should look for if a type 2 civilization is hypothetically using Dyson sphere technology to collect energy from in and around a black hole. Q: Given the current prices of materials, how much would 1.901 x 10^27 kilograms of material for the above Dyson sphere cost? Tungsten Tungsten is a dense and heat-resistant metal that could be used for constructing the supports and wiring of the Dyson spheres energy transmission system. The difference is that the surface power is only radiated over a hemisphere rather than a full sphere. If you like what we do, please consider making a donation. I must say I am enormously impressed. The estimated cost for a new DE880 is around $1.5 million. [5], Dyson did not detail how such a system could be constructed, simply referring to it in the paper as a 'shell' or 'biosphere'. Develop a system for safely disposing of waste materials generated by the construction and maintenance of the Dyson sphere. Physics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for active researchers, academics and students of physics. And what Winterberg is saying is that something's got to give, like the wave nature of matter. Doing that is really hard work because it isn't gravitationally stable. As of April 2023, the price per kilogram of silicon, carbon, and steel are approximately: Using these prices, the total cost of the materials required to build the Dyson sphere would be: Again, these estimates should be taken with a grain of salt, as the engineering and construction of a Dyson sphere is purely hypothetical and would involve many unknown factors. The SLS will use a combination of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen fuel to power its engines, and it will be able to launch both crewed and uncrewed missions. For a Dyson sphere thats at 2 AU and 2 meters thick, how many asteroids would we need to completely mine? Webb Space Telescope Image Shows Bright Galactic Collision, 2.29 billion years ago, This Cataclysmic Event Transformed the Makeup of Earths Crust. According to Tolkien, fantasy requires a deep imagination known as sub-creation. And the genre reflects a fundamental truth of being human. This would require specialized storage containers and transportation equipment, such as spacecraft or cargo ships. Sandviks DE880 is a core drilling rig used for mineral exploration and geotechnical investigation. That's because the potential energy is mass-energy, in the pencil. What could be better than a super freaky idea from the edges of astrophysics? Additionally, the availability and accessibility of these sources may depend on the specific location and conditions of the Dyson sphere construction. So really, the considerations are the size of the hole, being able to safely capture and distribute the power output, dealing with gravitational extremes, etc. A: Adding up the costs of all the equipment required for a hypothetical mining mission to Psyche would be difficult and dependent on a variety of factors. 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To operate in microgravity AU and 2 meters thick, how long would it take for GDP., academics and students of physics its mass was uniform in all directions done the planck.! Sphere is a hypothetical megastructure that encompasses a star to harvest its entire light output question Answer...
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